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''Scleroderma citrinum'', commonly known as the common earthball,〔("List of Recommended English Names For Fungi in the UK." ) (Website.) Fungi 4 Schools, by the British Mycological Society. Retrieved on 2007-09-17.〕 pigskin poison puffball,〔(January 2005.) ("Oxbow National Wildlife Refuge: Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan, January 2005." ) U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, p. 195, via library.fws.gov. Retrieved on 2007-09-17.〕 or common earth ball, is the most common species of earthball in the UK and occurs widely in woods, heathland and in short grass from Autumn to Winter. ''Scleroderma citrinum'' has two synonyms, ''Scleroderma aurantium'' (Vaill.) and ''Scleroderma vulgare'' Horn. Earthballs are superficially similar to, and considered look-alikes of the edible puffball, but whereas the Puffball has a single opening on top through which the spores are dispersed, the earthball just breaks up to release the spores. Moreover, ''Scleroderma citrinum'' has much firmer flesh and a dark gleba (interior) much earlier in development than puffballs. ''Scleroderma citrinum'' has no stem but is attached to the soil by mycelial cords. The peridium, or outer wall, is thick and firm, usually ochre yellow externally with irregular warts. The earthball may be parasitized by ''Pseudoboletus parasiticus''. Ingestion of scleroderma citrinum can cause gastrointestinal distress in humans and animals, and some individuals may experience lacrimation, rhinitis and rhinorrhea, and conjunctivitis from exposure to its spores.〔(October 2006.) ("Reflections on Mushroom Poisoning – Part III." ) (Newsletter.) ''Fungifama: The Newsletter of the South Vancouver Island Mycological Society'', via svims.ca. Retrieved on 2007-09-17.〕〔Hoffman, Ursula. ("Poisonous Mushrooms in Northeastern North America" ) (Website.) NorthEast Mycological Federation, Inc. Retrieved on 2007-09-17.〕 ==Notes== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Scleroderma citrinum」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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